The United States has developed a package of security guarantees for Ukraine that are essentially comparable to NATO's Article 5, the BBC’s Russian Service reports, citing sources familiar with the high-level talks that concluded in Berlin on December 15. The negotiations involved US and Ukrainian delegations, along with leaders from the European Union.

"At the heart of this agreement are very strong guarantees, essentially equivalent to Article 5, along with powerful deterrence mechanisms — including limitations on the size of Ukraine’s armed forces and access to weaponry," one source said.

The full details of the agreement have not been disclosed. American officials noted that the US has "gone as far as it possibly can" under current circumstances.

The US delegation was led by President Donald Trump's special envoy, Steven Witkoff, along with his son-in-law Jared Kushner. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky participated in the talks, as did top European officials.

Another source reportedly said about "90% of the issues" were agreed upon, and President Trump is pleased with the outcome. He believes he can persuade Russia to accept the proposed guarantees, modeled after NATO’s Article 5.

“We are closer to peace than ever before,” Trump declared, stating that he discussed the outcome of the talks with European leaders and Zelensky on the evening of December 15. He also said he had recently spoken with Russian President Vladimir Putin, claiming Putin is interested in ending the war — though he did not specify the date of the conversation.

The talks also addressed territorial issues and the future of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant. According to US sources, Donald Trump has no intention of pressuring Ukraine on territorial matters, leaving such decisions to Kyiv. One option discussed regarding the plant was a 50/50 division of its capacity between Ukraine and Russia.

As The Guardian reports, Washington expects Russia to accept the agreements reached between the US and Ukraine.

In parallel, European leaders released a joint statement reaffirming the commitments of both Europe and the United States to Ukraine’s security and postwar reconstruction.

The document was signed by leaders of Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Poland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Denmark, as well as representatives of the European Council and the European Commission.

The statement outlines the creation of “Europe-led multinational forces for Ukraine” under a “coalition of the willing” framework, supported by the United States. These forces are expected to assist in rebuilding Ukraine’s armed forces, securing airspace and maritime zones, and — if necessary — operating on Ukrainian territory.

European leaders also supported maintaining the Ukrainian army’s peacetime strength at up to 800,000 troops to deter future aggression.

The agreement includes a US-led international mechanism to monitor ceasefire compliance, legal obligations for responding to potential new attacks, investments in Ukraine’s recovery, and the preservation of frozen Russian assets within the EU. The document also reaffirms support for Ukraine’s accession to the European Union.